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Bernard Fisher, MD, FACS, (born August 23, 1918) is an American scientist and a pioneer in the biology and treatment of breast cancer. He is a native of Pittsburgh. He was Chairman of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NCI Visuals Online: Image Details )〕 His work established definitively that early-stage breast cancer could be more effectively treated by lumpectomy, in combination with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and/or hormonal therapy, than by radical mastectomy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Oncology Practice )〕 The oncology journal and website ''OncLive'' described Fisher's research as "launching the breast cancer community into the modern era" and honored him with a Giants of Cancer Care award for his work that ultimately ended the standard practice of performing the Halsted radical mastectomy, a treatment that had been in place for more than 75 years.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=OncologyLive )〕 Thanks to Fisher, notes another major oncology journal, breast-cancer survival rates have improved worldwide.〔 Fisher faced constant attacks from within medical ranks as he worked to disprove the efficacy of the old status quo treatment, eventually being described as “an iconoclastic figure” who brought about “far reaching changes...in the understanding of cancer and its treatment.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Penn Surgery Society )〕 The Atlantic Monthly has called him “a medical hero.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=The Atlantic )〕 He was awarded the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 1985 “for his pioneering studies that have led to a dramatic improvement in survival and in the quality of life for women with breast cancer.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Lasker Foundation )〕 ==Early life and education== Fisher graduated from Taylor Allderdice High School in 1936 and was inducted in their alumni hall of fame in 2009. He graduated from the medical school at the University of Pittsburgh in 1943, then completed a surgical residency.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bernard Fisher (scientist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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